2y ago

Your Computer Should Say What You Tell It To Say - Google is adding code to Chrome that will send tamper-proof information about your operating system and other software, and share it with websites

www.eff.org

Your Computer Should Say What You Tell It To Say

Summary

Google's proposal, Web Environment Integrity (WEI), aims to send tamper-proof information about a user's operating system and software to websites.
The information sent would help reduce ad fraud and enhance security, but it also raises concerns about user autonomy and control over devices.
The authors argue that implementing WEI could lead to websites blocking access for users not on approved systems and browsers.
They express worries about companies gaining more control over users' devices and the potential for abuse.
The authors emphasize that users should have the final say over what information their devices share.
Remote attestation tools, like WEI, might have their place in specific contexts but should not be implemented on the open web due to potential negative consequences.
The authors advocate for preserving user autonomy and the openness of the web, emphasizing that users should be the ultimate decision-makers about their devices.

Joke:

Two pieces of string walk into a bar. The first piece of string asks for a drink. The bartender says, “Get lost. We don’t serve pieces of string.”

The second string ties a knot in his middle and messes up his ends. Then he orders a drink.

The bartender says, “Hey, you aren’t a piece of string, are you?” The piece of string says, “Not me! I'm a frayed knot.”

Linux and Tech News @lemmy.linuxuserspace.show

Leo @lemmy.linuxuserspace.show

2y ago

Your Computer Should Say What You Tell It To Say

www.eff.org /deeplinks/2023/08/your-computer-should-say-what-you-tell-it-say-1

TechNews @radiation.party

irradiated @radiation.party

BOT

2y ago

EFF denounces Google's WEI proposal

www.eff.org /deeplinks/2023/08/your-computer-should-say-what-you-tell-it-say-1

85 comments

Firefox it is again?
- Always has been
  
  I am not entirely sure about this.
  I was always someone who used "an alternative". Back in the days I was an avid Netscape user, then I used the Mozilla suite, then Firefox when it still was named Phoenix, then Firefox actually named Firefox (😄) ... but it went downhill. The fast and sleek browser got slower and more outdated over time.
  There were times when even Internet Explorer was more modern! Firefox had UI, core, and all tabs running in one single process, which meant, one website alone being able to not only crash the tab, but also all other tabs and the UI and the core - while IE started to implement having different processes for individual tabs.
  At one point I switched to Chromium and eventually to Vivaldi because Chromium - in comparison to Vivaldi - is basically unconfigurable. Vivaldi also has a very good mobile version and I have full synchronization between a minimum of 5 devices (yes, I mean it! I really depend on synchronization, I have my Arch PC, an Ubuntu Laptop, an Arch laptop, my Android phone, and a Windows laptop - all of them are regularly used). This is something I need and is a deal-breaker.
  Also extensions. There are two extensions I don't want to leave behind. Both use MV3, one can be triggered for the current tab, one is automatically activated on one specific site.
  Maybe I should check out Firefox again, depending on what Vivaldi does regarding WEI.
- All the way. Don't settle for just chrome plating.
  
  Firefox and Qwant as search engine is enough?
  
  I'm a happy Vivaldi user (features and configurability to me are more important!) but I'm sure this will be implemented in the Chromium open source platform and not exclusively in Chrome (like some other features).
- The problem is that Google has such a monopoly over web browsers that Firefox will most probably have to follow and implement this shit as well.
  Smells like "this website is only compatible with Internet Explorer 7 or higher" kind of stuff, those were bad back then, it will be a lot worse now.
  
  it will be a lot worse now
  On the other hand: A website implementing such a functionality does not want me as a user. That's fine. I'll find the information elsewhere or give them useless date from within a VM. Starting and stopping minimalist single-purpose VMs isn't hard nowadays.
  
  Won't a User Agent Switcher be enough? Firefox has an extension like this and they even recommend it
Firefox has been better for 5 years or so. Please use it. It's good for the open web, it's good for privacy, it's good for blocking ads, just use it, please.
- Just switched today - after reading the news.
- I had to switch when they got rid of the bottom address bar on mobile, some years ago. All the other benefits are sprinkles on the cake for me.
  
  You can put the address bar wherever you like on mobile.
  Settings-->customize-->toolbar
  
  They must have added it back, I have a bottom address bar on my phone currently
  
  Switch to or from Firefox?
- I'll switch on mobile, but on desktop I'll need both, Chrome dev tools are way better than Firefox.
- I have recently switched to ff. Absolutely no problems so far.
- I had to stop using Firefox because it's too ram intensive on all my devices. I get low system memory errors on my Windows machines after it's been open for a while. My Android devices just lock up when I try to use it. I haven't tried it on my Linux machines because I just assume it will have the same affect. I don't understand how people are successfully using it on anything except maybe Apple. I don't have any Apple devices to try it on.
  
  I only use it on Linux, and it’s lighter and faster than chrome.
Google really scared of those adblockers it seems
- Hmm... WEI seems to serve to reduce ad frauds, not as a direct attack on blocking ads, except maybe for those ad blockers that attempt to maximize expenses for the advertisers.
  
  Stopping ad blocking is very much in their interest, and this system can very quickly be used to do just that.
  This is Google we're talking about, their days of not being evil are long gone.
At this point, I only keep Chrome around for the odd website that only works on Chrome. It's astonishing how quickly Google is burning through good will lately.
- Google sees that their business is at risk.
  Primarily Google is an advertisement company. And so their top priority is to profile you to serve you targeted ads. Every single product of Google has this number one priority.
  
  Why not show you ads on any of their own websites then, like google docs, forms, slides, etc. I get that they show you ads kn YouTube, but that doesn't have Google in the name. Do they want users to not associate 'Google' websites as being overrun with ads, while trying to that to as many other websites and apps as possible?
- Most of the times, the websites check the "user agent string" of the browser. If you can change the user agent to chrome while using those websites, you can eliminate the need of keeping chrome around.
- The worrying thing is how many websites may accept this standard. We can choose to use other browsers, sure. But the vast majority of users are uninformed chrome users. They won’t see a change in their day to day web usage. But Firefox, and other Chromium-based browsers like brave and Vivaldi are choosing to not adopt it. It’s only a matter of time before ad blocking doesn’t work on those browsers because major publishers implement this to ensure their content is properly paywalled.
Fuck google
- Install Firefox
I've been warning people that Google making up their own web standards will end in disaster, for years.
- No single entity should be allowed to dictate standards. I'm sure multiple businesses would be interested in going along with this standard, though, so we need something of an internet bill of rights to protect against this sort of thing.
Your computer should say what you tell it to say - so if I want to spoof my browser and OS I can do that right? Right?
- Yes. And you should be able to retain that ability.
- The magic words are "user-agent header in http protocol"
  Also the goal is not for everyone to spoof everyone else, but the goal is to not trust any information you are given by a browser. A good developer would always find ways to bypass any limits with that so it would be useless anyway.
- That's because they check your user agent.
  This API aims to break those kinds of extensions, making it impossible to spoof a user agent or certain kind of machine.
- If this comes live it won't be so easy. Many operating systems will probably not allow to turn this garbage off or spoof it. Especially android.
"Don't be evil" my arse
- https://gizmodo.com/google-removes-nearly-all-mentions-of-dont-be-evil-from-1826153393
  It's been a while since they distanced themselves from that motto.

Write to your country’s anti-trust body if you feel Google is unilaterally going after the open web with WEI (content below taken from HN thread https://news.ycombinator.com/item?id=36880390).

US:

        https://www.ftc.gov/enforcement/report-antitrust-violation
    antitrust@ftc.gov

EU:

        https://competition-policy.ec.europa.eu/antitrust/contact_en
    comp-greffe-antitrust@ec.europa.eu

UK:

        https://www.gov.uk/guidance/tell-the-cma-about-a-competition…
    general.enquiries@cma.gov.uk

India:

        https://www.cci.gov.in/antitrust/
    https://www.cci.gov.in/filing/atd

Example email:

Google has proposed a new Web Environment Integrity standard, outlined here: https://github.com/RupertBenWiser/Web-Environment-Integrity/blob/main/explainer.md

This standard would allow Google applications to block users who are not using Google products like Chrome or Android, and encourages other web developers to do the same, with the goal of eliminating ad blockers and competing web browsers.

Google has already begun implementing this in their browser here: https://github.com/chromium/chromium/commit/6f47a22906b2899412e79a2727355efa9cc8f5bd

Basic facts:

Google is a developer of popular websites such as google.com and youtube.com (currently the two most popular websites in the world according to SimilarWeb)
Google is the developer of the most popular browser in the world, Chrome, with around 65% of market share. Most other popular browsers are based on Chromium, also developed primarily by Google.
Google is the developer of the most popular mobile operating system in the world, Android, with around 70% of market share.

Currently, Google’s websites can be viewed on any web-standards-compliant browser on a device made by any manufacturer. This WEI proposal would allow Google websites to reject users that are not running a Google-approved browser on a Google-approved device. For example, Google could require that Youtube or Google Search can only be viewed using an official Android app or the Chrome browser, thereby noncompetitively locking consumers into using Google products while providing no benefit to those consumers.

Google is also primarily an ad company, with the majority of its revenue coming from ads. Google’s business model is challenged by browsers that do not show ads the way Google intends. This proposal would encourage any web developer using Google’s ad services to reject users that are not running a verified Google-approved version of Chrome, to ensure ads are viewed the way the advertiser wishes. This is not a hypothetical hidden agenda, it is explicitly stated in the proposal:

“Users like visiting websites that are expensive to create and maintain, but they often want or need to do it without paying directly. These websites fund themselves with ads, but the advertisers can only afford to pay for humans to see the ads, rather than robots. This creates a need for human users to prove to websites that they’re human, sometimes through tasks like challenges or logins.”

The proposed solution here is to allow web developers to reject any user that cannot prove they have viewed Google-served ads with their own human eyes.

It is essential to combat this proposal now, while it is still in an early stage. Once this is rolled out into Chrome and deployed around the world, it will be extremely difficult to rollback. It may be impossible to prevent this proposal if Google is allowed to continue owning the entire stack of website, browser, operating system, and hardware.

Thank you for your consideration of this important issue.

Who would of thought to let an Ad company running everything would be a good thing.
Well, according to the proposal, it doesn't send it to websites. It sends all your data to an attestation server, AKA Google probably, and the attestation server sends stuff to the website.
- Of course it does, how else are they gonna make website owners pay for the data access?
- Can you rewrite attestation server traffic with a proxy server? What if you had a proxy server that had hundreds of clients and scrambled the requests?
Use firefox with brave or Duckduckgo.
- Brave is even worse than chrome. They would sell your mother if they could get away with it.
  
  I still don't understand how Brave became the face of the privacy focused browser. Doing some cryptocurrency related shit is the biggest red flag that an entity should not be trusted now.
I just was updating my browser setup on my Linux laptop today, and wanted to install an extension I used to like using a few years ago ... 'TrackMeNot'. I couldn't find it on the Chrome Store at all. I had a feeling why... yup!
https://www.trackmenot.io/googleban#:~:text=Google%20falsely%20labels%20TrackMeNot%20as%20malware%2C%20bans%20it,of%20being%20removed%20from%20the%20Chrome%20Web%20Store.
Of course they would gin up a reason to suppress a plugin that lets users obscure their search engine activity. Slimy Bastards. At least the extension is still available, and still works, if one locally installs the unpacked version: https://github.com/vtoubiana/TrackMeNot-Chrome
We should indeed all move to Firefox (despite their own stupid issues -- someone please start a new browser engine, even if it's a Herculean task these days!)
- someone please start a new browser engine, even if it’s a Herculean task these days!
  https://servo.org/
  
  Thanks! I was actually just wondering what it would take to do this the other day
  
  That's cool. I wonder if they're planning an android version
- Is your issues with Firefox on the product/foundation itself, or are you referring to the Gecko Engine?
- May do so at some point. Getting tired of browsers both being scummy and not compliant with standards.
Can someone tell me how it can be "tamper proof"? Any encryption key inside chrome can be extracted and used to sign anything the user might want to send back.
- The idea is that it would be similar to hardware attestation in Android. In fact, that's where Google got the idea from.
  Basically, this is the way it works:
  You download a web browser or another program (possibly even one baked into the OS, e.g. working alongside/relying on the TPM stuff from the BIOS). This is the "attester". Attesters have a private key that they sign things with. This private key is baked into the binary of the attester (so you can't patch the binary).
  A web page sends some data to the attester. Every request the web page sends will vary slightly, so an attestation can only be used for one request - you cannot intercept a "good" attestation and reuse it elsewhere. The ways attesters can respond may vary so you can't just extract the encryption key and sign your own stuff - it wouldn't work when you get a different request.
  The attester takes that data and verifies that the device is running stuff that corresponds to the specs published by the attester - "this browser, this OS, not a VM, not Wine, is not running this program, no ad blocker, subject to these rate limits," etc.
  If it meets the requirements, the attester uses their private key to sign. (Remember that you can't patch out the requirements check without changing the private key and thus invalidating everything.)
  The signed data is sent back to the web page, alongside as much information as the attester wants to provide. This information will match the signature, and can be verified using a public key.
  The web page looks at the data and decides whether to trust the verdict or not. If something looks sketchy, the web page has the right to refuse to send any further data.
  They also say they want to err towards having fewer checks, rather than many ("low entropy"). There are concerns about this being used for fingerprinting/tracking, and high entropy would allow for that. (Note that this does explicitly contradict the point the authors made earlier, that "Including more information in the verdict will cover a wider range of use cases without locking out older devices.")
  That said - we all know where this will go. If Edge is made an attester, it will not be low entropy. Low entropy makes it harder to track, which benefits Google as they have their own ways of tracking users due to a near-monopoly over the web. Google doesn't want to give rivals a good way to compete with user tracking, which is why they're pushing "low-entropy" under the guise of privacy. Microsoft is incentivized to go high-entropy as it gives a better fingerprint. If the attestation server is built into Windows, we have the same thing.
- The attester here is really mostly Google's Android/Play Services/(ChromeOS) team, not Google's Chrome team. Chrome is really just responsible for passing it along and potentially adding some more information like what kind of extensions are in use, but the real validator is above Chrome entirely.
  There will not really be a worthwhile key inside Chrome (there might be one that does nothing by itself); it'll be backed by the existing per-device-unique key living inside your phone's secure enclave. Extracting one key would just cause Google to ban it. That attestation covers the software in the secure enclave, your device's running OS, bootloader unlock state and a couple of other things along those lines; the OS, guaranteed to be unmodified by the hardware attestation layer, then adds extra stuff on top like the .apk hash of the browser. The browser, guaranteed to be unmodified by the OS layer, can add things like extension info if it wants to.
  SafetyNet/Play Integrity have both software and hardware modes, but all Android+Google Services phones released in the previous 6? or so years have been required to have hardware backed attestation support, which has no known bypass. The existing "Universal SafetyNet Fix" pretends to be a phone without hardware support which Google begrudgingly accepts... for now. But the day where Google will just screw over older phones is getting increasingly closer, and they already have the power to force hardware backed attestation for device-specific features like NFC payments and DRM support.
  On Apple devices, Apple has parallels via their secure enclaves in the form of App Attest/DeviceCheck. On Windows desktops, there could be a shoddy implementation with TPMs (fortunately they're not quite powerful enough to do this kind of attestation in a tamper-proof way; Microsoft's Pluton chips might have some secret sauce we haven't yet seen, though). On Linux desktops... nope, ain't no support for this coming anytime ever.
  
  Ok I assumed you were thinking of something like TPM on the desktop as I couldn't imagine any other way around it. For android the hardware backed attestation support is like tpm as well, no? Surely there's a bypass for it if one wants to but there hasn't been a reason to do it yet.
  Edit :reading up on it, a lot relies on the encryption keys baked into the hardware and being impossible to read, right? If that remains to be the case, then ye I can imagine that would be an issue. Security will once again becomes the Trojan horse for exploitation
dOn'T bE eViL
- They said it out loud and stopped using that years ago.
And by "you" we mean "we". And just to be clear, this "we" doesn't include "you".
is there is anyway to use chromecast with firefox?
thats the only reason im still attached to chrome
- The answer seems to be sometimes. There's a way to natively do it on Android or with an extension on Mac or Linux, there may be an extension for windows too tho.
  https://support.mozilla.org/en-US/questions/1171141
- There is fx_cast, but it's not on the same level as Chromecast Integration in Chrome.
I must say I really missed the option to 'open links in apps' and use 'external download manager' in Firefox mobile
Even if you resist TPM and WEI, if you don’t have WEI for whatever reason I don’t think you’ll be stopped from using Google services and YouTube.. you’ll probably face a shut ton more captchas and 2FA checks whilst it wears down your sanity.
- If you just can't use Firefox, switch to edge or opera.
  
  Unfortunately Opera has been bought out by a Chinese company since 2016. I don't think that's any better than what Google is doing.
- But... why?
- No. Chromium is far, far from being free of Google's clutches. If you must use chromium-based browsers (you really shouldn't) you can try ungoogled-chromium.
The first half of this post (headline included) seems to just be the propagandized version of all the Web Environment Integrity posts that have been coming out lately.

85 comments