If you are reading this you aren't dreaming. It's hard to read text in dreams because the part of your brain that handles text processing isn't turned on.
Hard but not impossible. I've read reddit posts in my dreams back when I used to doomscroll. I remember the text being hard to read but readable sometimes, especially headlines.
I think what happens in those cases is that your brain is inventing the meaning of the text and making you think you are reading it. If you actually pay close attention to the text itself it should begin to fall apart.
Yeah, my brain pulled a fuck you on me. I tried to read something in a dream (as technique to attempt lucid dreaming). My brain constructed the dream to have that text written in non-Latin alphabet.
Flip a light switch. If the lights come on you're probably awake but if something else happens you're dreaming.
Try to push your hand thru a wall. In dreams you can do this.
Read a piece of text, look away and re-read it. In dreams the text changes.
Try jumping really high. If it's a dream you'll jump much higher than anticipated or even start flying.
Keep in mind though that these tests needs to be done regularly and in a serious manner even when you think you're awake or else the habit wont carry into the dream world. Tell yourself; if my hand hits the wall I'm awake and if it goes thru I'm sleeping. Then do the test and see what happens. Be aware though that your brain is really good at explaining why weird things happen in your dreams. For example I once performed the jumping test and I just took off and went like "holy fuck I'm dreaming" but then I looked back and saw a crane hook attached to my back and went like ahh ofcourse makes perfect sense, nothing weird about that.
I also want to include a slight warning here. If you do realize you're dreaming and aren't immediately waken up by this realization then one thing that's generally not recommended to do in dreams is look into mirror. The reflection wont be you or the very least it's not what you expected and this might be really uncomfortable experience. Also; realizing that you're dreaming may make you anxious and cause your dream to turn into nightmare. You can in theory turn this nightmare back into normal dream by for example hugging the monster but this is easier said than done.
The jumping one is quite interesting to me. I used to have a period of lucid dreaming in my life and found that in my dreams I can jump off the ground and then jump again while mid air (kind of like a double jump in a video game). In reality this obviously doesn't work because your feet have nothing to push against while in the air but somehow my dreams didn't care about that.
Meh, don't worry about it... whatever environment you find yourself in, navigate it the best you can. Reality might be real to someone experiencing it, but it's irrelevant to someone who isn't.
My dreams are all repetitive nonsense that doesn't even have the quality of feeling like reality. During them I almost never think to wonder if it's a dream, but if I do then either I wouldn't be able to hold onto that as a coherent thought, or the dream would just end.
I've had a few cases where something made me remember something I experienced and I couldn't immediately tell whether I was remembering something from a dream or reality.
Anecdotal, but I once dreamed an entire Wednesday. Got up went to work, a few hours in realised it was Wednesday all over again.
I suspect that one's mind can differentiate a dream from reality because dreams are not a simulation, they are not internally consistent or even generally comprehensible, while reality is.
Read something. You won’t be able to get more than a few words in a dream. Doesn’t matter what it is: billboard, menu, homework, whatever. It’s one of the easier ways to tell if you’re dreaming.
I've also heard that if you read something, look away, look back and read it again, and it's different, then you're dreaming. You can practice this experiment when you're awake; this will condition your brain to do that reflexively, and eventually you'll do it in a dream.
One of the possible outcomes of this kind of dream-testing is lucid dreaming. When you're dreaming, knowing you're dreaming inside the dream can give you some semi-conscious control of the entire dream universe. Wanna fly? BAM you can fly. Enemies need smiting? SMITE. Done.
Now I'm wondering if the "real me" that, you know is actually real ... doesn't just entirely believe that I'm really real, but is really just a dream of the next level up. Same thing goes for the other direction, with innumerable layers to the onion. How could I possibly know?
Have you read the zhuangzi? "How can I tell if I'm zhuangzi dreaming he's a butterfly or a butterfly dreaming he's zhuangzi?" is probably the most famous line from that text.
Personally, I think the story is encouraging the joy of not knowing, becoming comfortable in a world that lacks fundamental certainties even about yourself and reality.
If this question interests you, you might enjoy the full text - it's public domain and there are plenty of recordings on youtube.
On a similar note, one technique I use while lucid dreaming is to try to pass my right hands index finger through my left hands palm. If I feel and see the resistance to my skin, I know I’m awake.
I mean if I basically even touch water while I'm dreaming, I start to drown until I remember that I can breathe water because I'm dreaming. It was literally just rain, once.
That being said, I don't go around trying to see if I drown to test if I'm dreaming.
I heard that reading text is another method. If you can read text then you probably aren't dreaming. Because if you are dreaming the text gets all weird and unreadable.
Waking Life - 2001 Film is an amazing film about lucid dreaming, reality, and the consequences of such. It really is a must watch til the end, it has one of those endings that everyone draws their own conclusions about.
Assuming you are talking about lucid dreaming, what you want is a "Dream Check".
In dreams, large areas of your brain are operating in alternative states. This makes things like reading difficult or impossible. Unfortunately it also makes remembering to try reading just as hard.
What do carry over well are habits. You need to do something, while awake, that won't do anything when awake, but will in a dream. If you do this habit when awake however, you will also do it in a dream. It working acts as a trigger, you become aware of the dream state.
My personal check is to reach into my back pocket for a bazooka, or other heavy weapon. I obviously never have one, and the action looks innocuous in real life. It also has the added advantage of being excellent for nightmares. Nothing ends a nightmare faster than turning to face whatever is chasing you, while dual wielding AK47s.
At that point, the trick is staying in the dream state. Too excited, and you wake up. Too relaxed, and you fall back into passive dreaming. It's often best to roll with the dream, and only alter small things. This lets you direct it, but not shatter it.
The main issue, I believe, is that we don't store memories of text well. We also don't have a pre-built system to go from text memory to text image. The pipeline is 1 way. Writing uses a different pathway in the brain.
A photographic memory would let your mind bypass this, and pull up real memories to fill the page.
The "reaching for something" is something I'm gonna do.
I've had so few lucid dreams, two or three, and they ended after I realized that I was dreaming... After trying to stabilize the dream I don't know why but I kept doing "random and uncontrolled" stuff.
Do you also say something when reaching out for a weapon?
The trick is not to try and control the dream too strongly. The random and uncontrolled stuff is your brain's white noise being interpreted. By stabilising it, you are waking yourself up. Instead, be gentle. Accept the dream for what it is, at least initially. With practice, you'll learn to recognise when a change is about to happen, and inject your preferred interpretation/solution.
As for my dream check, it's silent. Externally, it's just me putting my hand in my back pocket for a second or so. A spoken method would work, but would really confuse people around you.
I check a clock, works pretty much every time. Could be wall, alarm, wrist watch. Dunno what it is about dreams, they are bad with time, minutes and hours won't make sense if you look for it
Last time I looked at my phone in a dream, the screen turned red and it started blaring the Amber alert tone, but like... in G-Major. Scared me awake, and then like 2 minutes later my alarm went off and re-scared me.
Hah. Whenever I am aware that I am dreaming, I try to look in a mirror. It always does something weird. Like one time my reflection's eyes were shut. Another time the mirror was like a window to the real world where I could see myself sleeping in bed. That was trippy.
I can't always tell I'm dreaming when I'm dreaming, but I can always at least tell it's reality when I'm awake. Apart from that one time I was concussed when I fell off my bike as a kid. And the slew of drug-addled experiences as a young adult, but I'm not sure if they're considered reality or not.
EDIT: The fact that I don't dream in 1st-person is probably the most relevant bit here. For others I guess I'd say try looking into a mirror to make sure you're you, at least if you can remember who you are and that other people are not you (therefore if you're them it cannot be reality).
Though lacking experience, I don't know if mirrors in dreams have common effects though if they just didn't work in dreams sounds like something I may have heard before.
Probably unhelpful, but I do not dream with enough clarity for that to be an issue. The more vivid ones I've had seem to be shorter (I've had a dream once that was basically just a still picture with moving colors), everything else is usually just weird and at-best might be mistaken for a cheesy movie. I also cannot recall any from my own (or any) 1st-person perspective, even if the dreams might have details or themes from my own life.
Lack-of-detail/vividness may be related to me having aphantasia, but it also might be an issue with REM sleep due to health issues particularly if I don't remember having a dream even long before I've woken up.
Those are the hardest dreams...about half my dreams have me in them, and about half of them are just a movie with various characters, none of whom are me, not even me playing some other character. I'm just an omnipresent observer. I can't change anything, because I don't exist.
BUT! Those are also usually the most interesting dreams, so I don't want to change anything anyway.
Eh I usully cant, being sleep deprived reality really feels like a dream but things still function, in dreams I usually cant tell which is terrible because I have a tendency to die/watch loved ones die in them... and even then I wont wake up from either event