Microsoft is really good at making everything tedious. I believe Samba has some Active Directory capabilities though. You still have to use Microsoft or third party tools to manage it, but it has a lot of potential. However, Microsoft seems to be abandoning local tools & recommending Azure-based management instead, like Intune.
Samba 4 implements Active Directory, last time I looked it was up to 2012 functional level.
Samba provides a cli tool, samba-tool for managing Samba.
So you don't have to use other tools for managing it, but it is often much easier using Microsoft's RSAT than the cli tool.
One reason I like doing enterprise support is the name
I might start calling SSH tunnels “Jeffries tubes”
And my wifi gets itself a new name