Choice can't exist without information. If you know nothing, you can't chose. If two doors are perfectly the same, it's not a choice. If you have no information on either path in the forest, you're not really choosing.
A lot of the issues you mention are, at least in part, caused by not dying. For example, I've got asthma, but without bronchodialators I wouldn't be an asthma patient, I'd just be dead. Another is better diagnosis, melanoma are much easier to identify nowadays, and we actually do diagnosis. If you look at old death reports, they contain a LOT of "sickness of the X" or "natural causes" for people in their early 60s.
Correct. Giving meaningful choices is hard.