Yes, but it's not what you're picturing probably. They count up by 10 from 00-90 and are usually rolled with a d10 so that you can get all the numbers between 1-100.
It depends whether you want 00-99 or 1-100. Eclipse Phase, for example, uses 00-99 so that criticals (which are on doubles) are evenly distributed. It compensates by making success only on a roll strictly less than, not less-than-or-equal-to, your target.
So the "D100" has 00-90 and goes up by tens and works in tandem with a D10 to fill in the single digits? That makes a lot of sense but I still want a disco ball sized die with 100 sides
It's either 2 D10s (one for each digit) or a single D100 but D10s are so common that two dice are usually the way to roll it. So yes there are D100 out there.
Yes 00 = 100%, 01 = 1%, percentage and no 0%, you don't roll same colours so you can call which die is which digit, or could roll one twice to make a percentage.
The 00-90 is what's called a percentile die. A d10 and a percentile die are commonly rolled together to generate numbers between 0 and 99 (where 00 is usually read as 100).