In the past I used Duolingo to study languages, but now I'm more privacy-conscious and looking for better options. And their recent data breach only solidified that intention.
I recently saw someone posted a comparison table for privacy policies of Duolingo and a number of competing products. Unfortunately I cannot find it now.
Can you give any suggestions? I'm not opposed to paid services, btw
Anki is a free and open source spaced-repetition flashcard program. You can find many premade decks for it for pretty much any language, and you can create your own cards from real-world content you read ("sentence mining"). You can also find free (or pirated) grammar guides and similar content online. These two resources will give you the foundation for making your input comprehensible, but the vast majority of the learning you'll do will come from simply reading and listening to native content while making as much of an effort to understand it as possible (such as by looking up words in the dictionary using a browser extension like yomichan)
I know this sounds crazy but i don’t think apps are the way to go at all.
I strongly recommend a combination of books and speaking to native speakers of your target language. Listening to target language media with subtitles helps too. Also essential is time delayed flash vocab cards.
The book sets you up with grammar and vocab while the media and speaking helps you with pronunciation.
I went from knowing no French to hitting A2 level French in two months by using the Nothing to B1 Assimil book, flash cards, speaking with native French speakers, media, and 3 hours of committed study Mon-Fri.
The point of apps is not to teach you a language. The point of the apps is to make money. There are better ways to learn that are time tested and battle proven.
I do think apps are useful for maintaining some level of reading fluency after establishing a baseline competency. I took 4 years of French through high school and college, but that was years ago. I stopped working on it for a long time and lost like 90% of my vocab and conjugations, but apps are bringing most of it back. They haven’t helped at all for listening though, I’ve been relying on listening to TV/movies/podcasts in French to improve as I can’t afford tutoring with any native speakers.
I think it depends on the app. I’ve used apps/sites with my tutor (when I was learning during lockdown) to enhance the lesson. Gamification of certain aspects can help but it shouldn’t be your only means.
If you're lucky, your library may have a language lab. They'd be far less common now that we all carry access to tutorials in our pockets, but those that existed are unlikely to have been ripped out.
Then, some countries run language learning institutes abroad with classes at all levels, group or individual, from basic conversation for fun through to examined courses in specialised language for people who are fluent or near fluent (medical French, engineering Spanish, business German, etc.). These would also have decent libraries if the idea of a course doesn't appeal.
For online study, EDx hosts a lot of language courses run by leading universities. These are typically free unless you wish to sit a proctored exam to obtain certification of the level you attain.
ChatGPT is worse than Duolingo. The former will study and likely store how you talk, what you ask about and so forth. On Duolingo, unless you speak in the mic, you never have to reveal anything.