Ofc Mohammed is the most common name but thats a name common within the muslim community. I have noticed the name Sarah in every country, regardless of race or religion. Or it might be an abrahamic religion thing but thats most of the world atleast.
I suspect other Abrahamic names might make the cut.
There are also a few names that independently exist in different languages; i.e. one is not a translation of the other, such as "Yuri" in Russian and Japanese, or "Naomi" in Hebrew and Japanese. Similarly, the surname "Lee" in English is not related to "Lee" in East Asian languages like Chinese or Korean.
(A sillier puzzle: Find names for which you get a different name by spelling it backwards, like "Ari" and "Ira" or "Linus" and "Sunil". No, Utah Mormon names like "Nevaeh" don't count, they do that sort of thing on purpose.)
I know a couple of Yoshi's (Japanese) and the first time I met a German Joshi (pronounced "Yoshi"), I thought he had a Japanese name for some reason until I realised it's short for Joshua. Also, I thought Naomi was an exclusively Japanese name, today I learned, thanks!
Hard to say. Like, do "Ivan", "Giovanni" and "John" count as the same, or different names? What about Latin "Amanda" (to be loved) vs. Japanese 愛/Ai (love)? How do we even count this?
Everyone is saying it means "gift" but Wikipedia (as well as an embroidery my grandma gave me when I was young!) says it comes from Yohanan/Johanan יוֹחָנָן (Yôḥānān), which means "YHWH (Yahweh/God) is gracious", with gracious being used in the form of "merciful" or "forgiving".
Which can kind of mean the same thing but is also different enough. Johnathan, however, does mean "God has given".
TIL that John and Johnathan are not different versions of the same name!
Despite how many forms it takes, it isn't very common in the muslim world or asia which make up for a vast proportion of the world. So many of the names variations are within Europe.
The most common first name in the world is Maria, and the most common last name in the world is Wang. Erfo the most common name in the world is Maria Wang.
India and China each have around 1.4 billion people (source). The next nearest country is the US with ~340 million. Which is a pretty major drop off. So, I would start by looking at common names in either China or India.
The most common Indian names are Hindu names which are isolated in India. Similarly the most common names in China are isolated there. Hence my argument for Abrahamic religions.
I don't know about first names, but as for middle names, I've noticed a 75% chance your middle name will be James if you're a guy and Marie if you're a woman. I also attended school somewhere where, I kid you not, every shop owner and public service manager was named either John or Julie.
I'm surprised you don't see more FBI agents in Gotham. It's a cesspool of crime, you'd think at least one person would at least be raided by a swat team.
Okay fine, real answer. According to this, the most common female name in the world is Maria and the most common male name is Mohammed. You can also find a breakdown by continent and country, here.
I think you straight up ignored OP's explanation of their question. OP explicitly addressed why Mohammad is not "the most universal name" by his meaning.
Then I guess I don't understand the question? Was it not what the most common name in the world is? I don't have many sources to go off of, but according to the site I posted, Mohammed is the most common male name in Africa, Asia and the most common in the world. If it's the most common name in the world, it would make sense that it also happens to be the most common in the muslim community and possibly other communities as well.